*BIOLOGY ANSWERS*
1ai) Classifications of living things consists of placing together in categories those living things that resembles each other. It involves placing living things into groups that have certain features in common which distinguish them from other groups
1aii) Car von Linnè Also known as Carolus Linnaeus
1aiii)-Classification is important because it allows scientists to identify the organisms
-Classification is important because it makes it easy for scientists to group the organisms.
- It is also good to properly name organisms via a standardized system
======================
2a)i They catalyse reactions by lowering the activation energy of a reaction
ii). They are regenerated after each reaction
iii). They are substrate specific, hence only molecules which are complementary to their shape can bind to it.
iii). They aid in metabolism (anabolism and catabolism)
2Bi) The Small Intestine
ii)Ileum
: BIOLOGY SOLUTIONS
6d
Function of WHO
1. Providing leadership on matters critical to health and engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed;
2. Shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation, translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge;
3. setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring their implementation;
4. Articulating ethical and evidence-based policy options;
5. Providing technical support, catalysing change, and building sustainable institutional capacity;
6. Monitoring the health situation and addressing health trends
=============================
6ci) An autotroph or producer, is an organism that produces complex organic compounds from simple substances present in its surroundings, generally using energy from light or inorganic chemical reactions.
: 2D) Procedures
Remove a green leaf from a plant that has been exposed to sunlight for a few hours
Half-fill a 250cm3 beaker with water. Heat the water until it boils. Keep the water at boiling point.
Use the forceps to place the leaf in the boiling water. Boil for 2 minutes.
Turn off the Bunsen Burner. (If you are using a heat source without a naked flame - electric water bath or hot plate - this step is unnecessary.)
Place the boiled leaf in a boiling tube containing 90% ethanol.
Place the boiling tube in hot water and boil for 10 minutes or until the leaf decolourizes. ( It may be necessary to replace the ethanol)
Gently remove the leaf and wash with a fine trickle of cold tap water.
Spread the leaf evenly on a white tile.
Add a few drops of iodine/potassium iodide solution to the leaf and note any observations.
Observations/Results
The leaf was flaccid (soft) after being boiled in water
The ethanol changed from colorless to green
The leaf was brittle after being boiled in ethanol
The leaf become flaccid once more after being rinsed in cold water
After iodine solution was added...
OBSERVATIONS
No color change (Iodine Solution remains brown)
Iodine/Potassium Iodide solution changed from brown to blue- black
INTERPRETATION
Starch is not present
Starch is present
1bi) -Vírus can reproduce when present in another living cell
-It possesses characteristics which can be transmitted from one generation to the next
1bii) -When a virus is extracted from a living cell and placed in a non living medium, it assumes a crystalline form and thus become non-living
-Virus cannot respire, excrete or respond to stimuli
6.Smell begins at the back of nose, where millions of sensory neurons lie in a strip of tissue called the olfactory epithelium. The tips of these cells contain proteins called receptors that bind odor molecules.
The olfactory bulb is one of the structures of the limbic system and a very ancient part of the brain. As mentioned in the previous description of the olfactory
process, the information captured by the sense of smell goes from the olfactory bulb to other structures of the limbic system.
3C)
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
3 i)
Commensalism is a type of relationship where one of the organisms benefits greatly from the symbiosis. The other is not helped but is not harmed or damaged from the relationship. In other words, this is a one-sided symbiotic relationship.
3 ii)
In parasitism, one organism benefits from the relationship but at the expense of the other. The organism may live inside the other’s body or on its surface.
In some of these parasitic relationships the host dies and in others, it is important that the host remain alive.
3 iii)
Parasitism
In parasitism, one organism benefits from the relationship but at the expense of the other.
The organism may live inside the other’s body or on its surface. In some of these parasitic relationships the host dies and in others, it is important that the host remain alive.
: *BIOLOGY ANSWERS*
1ai) Classifications of living things consists of placing together in categories those living things that resembles each other. It involves placing living things into groups that have certain features in common which distinguish them from other groups
1aii) Car von Linnè Also known as Carolus Linnaeus
1aiii)-Classification is important because it allows scientists to identify the organisms
-Classification is important because it makes it easy for scientists to group the organisms.
- It is also good to properly name organisms via a standardized system
1aiv)-Kingdom
- Phylum(Animal) or division (Plant)
-Class
-Order
-Family
-Genus
-Species
1bi) -Vírus can reproduce when present in another living cell
-It possesses characteristics which can be transmitted from one generation to the next
1bii) -When a virus is extracted from a living cell and placed in a non living medium, it assumes a crystalline form and thus become non-living
-Virus cannot respire, excrete or respond to stimuli
======================
2a)i They catalyse reactions by lowering the activation energy of a reaction
*RN TEAM*
ii). They are regenerated after each reaction
iii). They are substrate specific, hence only molecules which are complementary to their shape can bind to it.
iii). They aid in metabolism (anabolism and catabolism)
2Bi) The Small Intestine
ii)Ileum
*RN TEAM*
» Biology Obj:
1ABDBCDCBBD
11CDBDCBBABA
21CBCCDBCDDC
31CBAADCCABA
41CABADDDBDC
================
6a)
The odorous molecules come into contact with the olfactory epithelium at the top of the nasal cavity and stimulate multiple chemically cell receptors and thus the odour is transmitted to the brain. There after the brain interprets the type of smell.
6b)
i)Shell
ii)Membranes
iii)Airspace
iv)Albumen
v)Yolk
vi)Chalaza
6ci)
autotrophs are organisms that can synthesizes food from inorganic substances by using chemical energy or light
6cii)
i)Bacteria
ii)Unicellular algae
6d)
i)providing leadership on matters critical to health
ii)shaping the research agenda and stimulating the generation
iii)translation and dissemination of valuable knowledge
iv)setting norms and standards
v)promoting and monitoring their implementation
6e)
i)plants: Water Wisteria and Java Moss.
ii)Animals: catfish and earthworm
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